"The system break man, child and women into figures
Two columns for who is, and who ain't n*ggas"
What Mos is speculating here is that the U.S. government, in their large databases on the country's population, include two columns displaying this racial information. However, had he given this line a few minutes of extra thought, he would have realised that in the way he is describing it, the variable in question is binary. Thus, only one column is required:
Mos' imagining of the system
A more likely representation
He ends the first verse with "You wanna learn how to rhyme, you better learn how to add". This is true, Mos, but you would also do well to learn some rudimentary data handling skills.